What is a potential consequence of prenatal tobacco use?

Prenatal tobacco use is known to have several adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes, and one of the significant consequences is preterm birth. Tobacco smoke contains numerous harmful substances that can affect placental function and fetal development. When a pregnant individual smokes, it can lead to reduced oxygen and nutrient supply to the fetus, which can result in complications such as preterm labor.

Preterm birth is defined as delivery that occurs before 37 weeks of gestation, and it is associated with various health risks for the newborn, including respiratory issues, feeding difficulties, and long-term developmental challenges. The mechanisms leading to preterm birth from tobacco use can include increased uterine irritability or the triggering of premature contractions, which ultimately increase the risk of delivering the baby before the pregnancy reaches full term.

In contrast, the other options presented—such as increased birth weight, decreased risk of gestational hypertension, and decreased risk of low birth weight—do not accurately reflect the consequences of prenatal tobacco use. In fact, smoking is associated with a higher risk of low birth weight rather than a decrease in risk, as it negatively impacts fetal growth and development. Understanding these risks is crucial for prenatal care and counseling for expectant mothers.