What are the primary complications of amniocentesis?

Amniocentesis is a procedure used to obtain amniotic fluid for testing purposes, primarily to assess fetal health and genetic conditions. While there are several potential complications associated with the procedure, infection is one of the most significant concerns. This can occur due to the introduction of bacteria during the procedure, potentially leading to chorioamnionitis, which is an infection of the membranes surrounding the fetus.

While damage to fetal organs and puncture of the umbilical cord are recognized risks, they are less common compared to the risk of infection. Damage to fetal organs can happen if the needle mistakenly penetrates a fetal structure, but this is relatively rare. Likewise, puncturing the umbilical cord can lead to complications, such as bleeding or fetal distress, but occurrences are not as frequently reported as infections.

Therefore, recognizing that infection is a primary complication and one that poses a significant risk during amniocentesis makes it essential. The decision to select this option acknowledges the seriousness of potential infectious complications in contrast to the less common but also serious mechanical risks associated with the procedure.